“Global Immune Check Point Inhibitors Market and Clinical Pipeline Insight 2022” report gives comprehensive insight on clinical and non-clinical aspects involved in the development and integration of immune check point inhibitors as main streamline drugs in the immunotherapy treatment. Report helps to identify the basic classification and molecular mechanism of action of immune check point inhibitors drugs available in the market and in the clinical pipeline. Currently there are 4 Immune Check Point Inhibitors drugs commercially available in the market and more than 70 drugs in clinical pipeline.
“mmunotherapy represents a paradigm shift in cancer therapy along the multiple fronts. Although, targeted therapy upgrades the underlying signaling defect which results in oncogenesis within the tumor. The immune checkpoint blockade is fundamentally a therapy which directed at the patient's native immune system to tilt the immune homeostasis away from self-tolerance towards cytotoxicity, with the goal of inducing antitumor immunity.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the type of drugs which blocks the certain proteins made by some types of immune system cells, such as T cells and some cancer cells. These proteins help to keep the immune responses in check and keep the T cells from killing the cancer cells. When the proteins are blocked, the brakes on the immune system are released and T cells are able to kill the cancer cell better. The checkpoint proteins which found on T cells or cancer cells include the PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4/B7-1/B7-2. Some immune checkpoint inhibitors are used to treat the cancer. Checkpoint proteins, such as PD-L1 on tumor cells and PD-1 on T cells, help to keep the immune responses in check. The binding of PD-L1 to PD-1 keeps T cells from killing tumor cells in the body. Blocking the binding of PD-L1 to PD-1 with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-PD-L1 or anti-PD-1) allows the T cells to kill tumor cells.
The immune checkpoint inhibitors such as ipilimumab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab were approved by FDA and are indicated for the treatment of squamous non-small cell lung cancer and metastatic melanoma, respectively. Several other anti PD-1 drugs are in late stage clinical trials and are expected to achieve the regulatory approval in the near future. Moreover, the anti PD-L1, antibody which targets the tumor cells rather than the T cells is also being studied and tested.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors appears to offer an advantage compared with standard cytotoxic chemotherapy and produces high response rates, durable response and the survival curves which indicate the sustained remission of long therapy which has been completed. Safety with the new therapies is of concern since the immune system is being suppressed by the cancer and the immune checkpoint inhibitors are turning the suppressed immune system. There are several factors of immune checkpoint inhibitors which help in the growth of market and in future help to continue the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the market.
Global Immune Check Point Inhibitors Market and Clinical Pipeline Insight 2022” report highlights:
Introduction and Mechanism of Action of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
CTLA 4, PD-1 and PD-L1 Inhibition Approved Drugs to Target Immune Checkpoints
Biomarkers Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Combination Approaches with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Global Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Clinical Pipeline
Future Potential of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors- Introduction to Next Generation Cancer Immunotherapy
1.1 Overview
1.2 History- From Tragedy to Breakthrough
Major Immune Checkpoints Proteins
2.1 Role of Cytotoxic T lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) in Cancer Development
2.2 Role of Programed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD1) in Cancer Development
Mechanism of Action of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
3.1 Cytotoxic T lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4)
3.1 Programed Death Protein-1 (PD1)
CTLA 4 Inhibition Approved Drugs to Target Immune Checkpoints
4.1 Ipilimumab (Yervoy: Melanoma)
PD-1 and PD-L1 Inhibition Approved Drugs to Target Immune Checkpoints
5.1 Nivolumab (Opdivo: Hodgkin Lymphoma, Urothelial Carcinoma and NSCLC)
5.2 Pembrolizumab (Keytruda: Melanoma and NSCLC)
5.3 Atezolizumab (Tecentriq: Solid Tumors)
Biomarkers Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
6.1 Predictive Biomarkers to Anti-CTLA 4
6.2 Predictive Biomarker to Anti-PD 1
Combination Approaches with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
7.1 Combination with Conventional Methods
7.1.1 Chemotherapy
7.1.2 Targeted Therapies
7.1.3 Radiotherapy
7.2 Combination with Cancer Vaccines
7.2.1 Peptide Vaccines
7.2.2 Cellular Vaccines
7.2.3 Oncolytic Viruses
Global Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market
Global Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Clinical Pipeline
9.1 CTLA-4-Inhibitors Pipeline Overview
9.2 PD-1-Protein-Inhibitors Pipeline Overview
9.3 PD-1-Protein-Inhibitors Pipeline Overview
Global Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Dynamics
10.1 Favorable Parameters
10.2 Challenges to Market Growth
Future Potential of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
11.1 Current Therapeutic Eminence
11.2 Upcoming Market Opportunities
PDL1-Protein-Inhibitors Clinical Pipeline by Company, Indication and Phase
12.1 Research
12.2 Preclinical
12.3 Clinical
12.4 Phase-I
12.5 Phase-I/II
12.6 Preregistration
Marketed PDL1-Protein-Inhibitors Clinical Insight by Company and Phase
13.1 Pembrolizumab (Keytruda)
13.2 Atezolizumab (TECENTRIQ)
CTLA-4-Inhibitors Clinical Pipeline by Company, Indication and Phase
14.1 Research
14.2 Preclinical
14.3 Phase-I
14.4 Phase-III
Marketed CTLA-4-Inhibitors Clinical Insight by Company, Phase and Indication
15.1 Ipilimumab (Yervoy)
PD-1-Protein-Inhibitors Clinical Pipeline by Company, Phase and Indication
16.1 Research
16.2 Preclinical
16.3 Phase-I
16.4 Phase-I/II
16.5 Phase-II
16.6 Phase-II/III
Marketed PD-1-Protein-Inhibitors Clinical Insight by Company and Phase
17.1 Pembrolizumab (Keytruda)
Competitive Landscape
18.1 Advaxis
18.2 Agenus
18.3 Amgen
18.4 Bristol Myers Squibb
18.5 Faron Pharmaceuticals
18.6 Genentech
18.7 Genocea
18.8 Incyte Corporation
18.9 Innate Pharma
18.10 Kite Pharma
18.11 MacroGenics
18.12 Merck
18.13 NewLink Genetics Corp
18.14 Sorrento Therapeutics
18.15 TG Therapeutics
Figure 1-1: History of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Figure 2-1: Types of Immune Checkpoint Proteins
Figure 2-2: Cytotoxic T Cell Lymphocyte in Cancer Development
Figure 2-3: Programmed Death Protein in Cancer Development
Figure 3-1: Mechanism of Action of Cytotoxic T lymphocyte Antigen- 4
Figure 3-2: Mechanism of Action of Programmed Death Protein-1
Figure 4-1: Categorization of Approved Drugs to Target Immune Checkpoints
Figure 4-2: Yervoy – Global Revenue (US$ Million), 2015 – 2016 and 2022
Figure 4-3: Yervoy – US Revenue (US$ Million), 2015 and 2016
Figure 5-1: Opdivo – Global Revenue (US$ Million), 2015 and 2016 and 2022
Figure 5-2: Opdivo – US Revenue (US$ Million), 2015 and 2016
Figure 5-3: Keytruda – Global Revenue (US$ Million), 2015-2016 and 2022
Figure 5-4: Tecentriq – Global Revenue (US$ Million), 2015-2022
Figure 7-1: Combination Approaches with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors used in Treatment
Figure 8-1: Global - Share of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Immunotherapy Market, 2015-2022 (%)
